| ▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"*kidir/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"felt | face="Times New Roman Star"войлок | face="Times New Roman Star"kidiz (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kid|iz (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"kijiz, kejiz (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kijez | face="Times New Roman Star"kijiz (IM, Abush., Qutb., Houts.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kigiz | face="Times New Roman Star"kigiz |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ki:z | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:s |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kijis |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kidis |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kijiz | face="Times New Roman Star"kijiz | face="Times New Roman Star"kijiz | face="Times New Roman Star"kejed| | face="Times New Roman Star"kijiz |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kijiz, kijgiz (dial.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kijiz | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 270, TMN 3, 661-662, ЭСТЯ 5, 66-67, Лексика 392. Turk. > MMong. kijiz (Щербак 1997, 127). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Ko"bu"r/ / *Kebir/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"carpet, rug | face="Times New Roman Star"ковер |
| face="Times New Roman Star"keviz (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ju"z (dial.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kebiz (MA), ko"wu"z (Xwar.), ko"wu"z (CCum.), kevu"z (AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"kigiz | face="Times New Roman Star"kebe|z, ke|ve|z |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kib@s | face="Times New Roman Star"kemis | face="Times New Roman Star"kebis |
| face="Times New Roman Star"(Bulg.) > ORuss. kovьrъ 'carpet' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"xevis |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kebez |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jiz | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jo"d| | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ju"z OL |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"gujuz (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 692, ЭСТЯ 5, 83. Turk. > Mong. kebis ( > Man. kebisu etc., see ТМС 1, 444), see Clark 1980, 39., Cf. Khalkha xiv 'gauze, cre^pe', xo"vo"n| 'cotton'. ЭСТЯ 5, 13. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ged- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to put on | face="Times New Roman Star"надевать | face="Times New Roman Star"ked- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ked|- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"gij- | face="Times New Roman Star"kij- | face="Times New Roman Star"kej- (AH, Ettuhf.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kij- | face="Times New Roman Star"kej-, kij- | face="Times New Roman Star"kez- | face="Times New Roman Star"gej- | face="Times New Roman Star"gej- | face="Times New Roman Star"kis- | face="Times New Roman Star"kes- | face="Times New Roman Star"kij- | face="Times New Roman Star"ka"d- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- | face="Times New Roman Star"ket- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kij- | face="Times New Roman Star"ki>j- | face="Times New Roman Star"kij- | face="Times New Roman Star"ki>j- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"gi:- | face="Times New Roman Star"kij- | face="Times New Roman Star"kij- | face="Times New Roman Star"kij- | face="Times New Roman Star"gij- | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 700, VEWT 246, ЭСТЯ 3, 12-13, Лексика 472-473, Stachowski 146. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*kem, *Ka- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 who 2 which | face="Times New Roman Star"1 кто 2 какой | face="Times New Roman Star"kem (OT, OUygh.) 1, qaju (OT, OUygh.), qanu (OUygh.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kem?kim (MK, KB) qaju (MK, KB) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kem 1, qaj 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim (Abush., IM) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1, qaj 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim, kem (dial.) 1, qaj 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kym 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1, qaj 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kem 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kem 1, qaj 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kam 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1, xaja 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1, kaja 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qym 1, qajy 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"qum 1, qai 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1, qaj 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1, qaj 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kem 1, qaj (dial.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kym 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kim 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ka"m 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 271, EDT 720-721, ЭСТЯ 5, 67-68, 191-192, Stachowski 134, 147. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ki:n, *ki:n-du"k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 navel, navelstring, centre 2 navel of a musk-deer, musk | face="Times New Roman Star"1 пупок, пуповина, центр 2 мускусная железа, мускус | face="Times New Roman Star"kin 'утроба, vagina; мускус', kindik 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kin (KB), ku"n (MK) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik, ku"nu"k (dial.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kendek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik (MA, Pav. C.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik, kindak 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kendek 1 (ЯЖУ) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kindik (dial.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"k@n 1, k@nd@k 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1, kin 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"k@nd@k (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:n 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xin 1, 2, xindik 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"xin 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kendek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1, 'belly' | face="Times New Roman Star"kindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kinz?|ix, kintix 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"gindik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 271, EDT 725, 729, ЭСТЯ 5, 68-69, Лексика 279-280. Turk. > Mong. kindik (Щербак 1997, 127). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"eyelash | face="Times New Roman Star"ресница | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"kerfek | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik (Sangl., Pav. C.), kirpu"k (MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"kiprik | face="Times New Roman Star"ki(r)pik | face="Times New Roman Star"kirmik | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"k@rb@k |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kirbik | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"xъrbъx, xъrbъk, (dial.) xъrbu | face="Times New Roman Star"kirba"j, kirbi: 'edge' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kirbik |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"k@rp@k | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"kerpek |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kirpik | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 272, EDT 737-738, ЭСТЯ 5, 74-75, Федотов 2, 333-334, Лексика 213. Cf. also the verb *Kyrm- / *Kyrp- 'to wink' (ЭСТЯ 6, 221). The front row variant here is probably secondary. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*kir | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"dirt | face="Times New Roman Star"грязь | face="Times New Roman Star"kir (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kir (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"ker | face="Times New Roman Star"kir (Houts., Pav. C, AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"kir |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"k@r |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kir |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kir@k 'dirt on body, dandruff' | face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"xir |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"ker |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"kir |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kir | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 735, VEWT 271, ЭСТЯ 5, 69-70, Stachowski 148. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*gi:r- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to enter | face="Times New Roman Star"входить | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"gir- | face="Times New Roman Star"ker- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- (Abush., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"ker- | face="Times New Roman Star"gir- | face="Times New Roman Star"gi:r- | face="Times New Roman Star"k@r- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"k@r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:r- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"ker- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"gir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- | face="Times New Roman Star"kir- (ССЯ) | face="Times New Roman Star"gir- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 271, EDT 735-736, ЭСТЯ 3, 47-48, Stachowski 149. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ki:l/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"sable | face="Times New Roman Star"соболь | face="Times New Roman Star"kis? (Orkh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kis? (MK, KB) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kes? | face="Times New Roman Star"kis? (MA, Pav. C., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kis? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kis? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kъw|s? | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:s | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:s | face="Times New Roman Star"kis? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"kis? | face="Times New Roman Star"kis | face="Times New Roman Star"kis, kis? | face="Times New Roman Star"kes? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kis? | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 272, TMN 3, 664-665, EDT 752, Щербак 1961, 143, ЭСТЯ 5, 77-78, Лексика 162-163, Stachowski 149 (one of the Turk.-Samoyed. contact words; because of the Tungus parallel, probably Turk. > Samoyed., despite Helimski 1995). The Chuvash form reveals irregular vocalism and may in fact reflect a merger with PT *Ku"l/u"l 'rat, mole' (v. sub *k`e>\l/u/). Turk. > Mong. er-kis 'male sable', ebsi-gis 'female sable' (see Clark 1980, 43). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*kil/i | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"person, people | face="Times New Roman Star"человек, люди | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kes?e | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i (Pav. C., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kisi | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"k@z@ | face="Times New Roman Star"kiz?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kiz?i |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"kihi | face="Times New Roman Star"kihi | face="Times New Roman Star"kiz?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kisi | face="Times New Roman Star"kisi | face="Times New Roman Star"kes?e | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kisi | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 272, EDT 752-753, ЭСТЯ 5, 78-79, Лексика 325, Stachowski 147. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go"c?- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to migrate, nomadize 2 nomadizing | face="Times New Roman Star"1 мигрировать, кочевать 2 кочевка |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c?- 1 (MK, KB), ko"c? 2 (KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"c?- 1, go"c? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"c?- 1, ku"c? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z?|- 1, ko"c? 2 (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.c?- 1, ko.c? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c?- 1, ko"c? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c?- 1, ko"c? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"c?- 1, go"c? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?- 1, ko"s? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c?- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kec?- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"kos/- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s- 1, ko"s 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s- 1, ko"s 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"'s?- 1, ko"'s? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"'s?- 1, ko"'s? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c?- 1, ko"c? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?- 1, ko"s? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?- 1, ko"s? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s 'рой', ku"s- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c?- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"c?- 1, go"c? 'luggage' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"c?- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?- 1, ko"s? 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"go"c?- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 693, 694, Лексика 489, ЭСТЯ 3, 88-90, TMN 3, 622, Федотов 1, 315, Stachowski 158. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"jn|e-lek | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"shirt | face="Times New Roman Star"рубашка |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|lek (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jna"k, dial. go"n|lek | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"lma"k | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|lek (Sangl., MA, Pav. C., Бор. Бад.), ko"jnek (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.jnak, ko.jlak | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|la"k, ko"n|nek |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jnek | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jnek, dial. go"mlek | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"genek | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"nek | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"nek |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"nju"ga"s 'старинное название дохи' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xo"jlen| |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jnek |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jlek | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"lda"k | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lek | face="Times New Roman Star"go"lma"k | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lmek | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jlek |
| face="Times New Roman Star"go"lek | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 290-291, EDT 732, ЭСТЯ 5, 89-90, Лексика 384, 476-477. Turk. > WMong. ku"jileg, Kalm. ki:l@g (KW 234), MMong. ko"n|lek (TMN 3, 615, Щербак 1997, 128). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go":k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 blue 2 green ("macro-blue" according to Wierzbicka) | face="Times New Roman Star"1 синий 2 зеленый | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 (MK, KB), 2 (KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 (MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"j 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go":k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:ek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"kъw|vak 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"o"x 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"o"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"Gux 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 287, TMN 3, 640-642, EDT 708-9, ЭСТЯ 3, 66-68, Лексика 60, 604, Stachowski 165. In most languages the root also means 'sky'. Turk. > Hung. ke/k 'blue', see Gombocz 1912. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to bury | face="Times New Roman Star"закапывать, хоронить | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- (MA), go"m- (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"go"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"xo"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"xo"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"go"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"m- (ССЯ) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"m- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 289, EDT 721, ЭСТЯ 3, 70-71, Stachowski 155. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go":n | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"tanned skin, leather | face="Times New Roman Star"дубленая шкура, кожа | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"n | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n | face="Times New Roman Star"go"n (Sangl.), ko"n (Nahc., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.n | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n |
| face="Times New Roman Star"go"n | face="Times New Roman Star"go":n |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n | face="Times New Roman Star"go"n |
| face="Times New Roman Star"go"n | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n |
| face="Times New Roman Star"go"n | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 290-291, EDT 724, ЭСТЯ 3, 72-73, Лексика 384, 476-477. Cf. also *go":nc?u"k 'an ornament on shirt' (ЭСТЯ 5, 106). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go"jn|-il | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"heart, mood | face="Times New Roman Star"сердце, дух | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"n-u"l; go"ju"n, go"jn (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n|@l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l (Sangl., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.n|il | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"nu"l | face="Times New Roman Star"go"vu"n, ko"n|-u"l (arch. - borrowed from Tu"rki) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko":l, ko"n|n-@ | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|n-u" | face="Times New Roman Star"ku":n | face="Times New Roman Star"ki:il | face="Times New Roman Star"k@w|m@w|l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l 'will, freedom' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l 'permission' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xo":l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|u"l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|il | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|il | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"n|@l | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"l | face="Times New Roman Star"go"n | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"nu"l, ko"lu"n | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"n|il, kewil | face="Times New Roman Star"go"jn|y | face="Times New Roman Star"go"n|u"l | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 291, EDT 731, ЭСТЯ 3, 75-77, Лексика 274, Stachowski 156. Almost all languages reflect a suffixed form (a substantivized adjective in -il, see Gabain AG 75). Khak., Shor reflect a nominalized attributive form of ko"n|u"l. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"pek |
| face="Times New Roman Star"1 dog 2 hound 3 sheep-dog 4 yard dog 5 puppy | face="Times New Roman Star"1 собака 2 охотничий пес 3 овчарка 4 дворовая собака 5 щенок |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1 (KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1, go"belek 5 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek (Pav. C., AH) 1, ko"belek 2 (OKypch.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.ppa"k 1; ko"pa"k 1 (dial.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pa"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"bo"k 'ethnonym; name of a hero' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pe 1 (K) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pek 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"belek 3, go"ben it 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 291, TMN 3, 646-647, ЭСТЯ 5, 111-112, Лексика 189. Basically an Oghuz word, but cf. also Kum. go"ben, OKypch. ko"belek 'shepherd's dog' (Bulgat, ad-Durr., Houts., AH) = Tur. dial. go"belek 'puppy' (possibly < Kypch.), see ЭСТЯ ibid. Despite ЭСТЯ, Kirgh. qara ko"bo"lo"k 'evil spirit appearing as a girl dressed in black and with a black greyhound' is rather = ko"bo"lo"k 'butterfly' (cf. the archaic mythological motive of evil spirit appearing as a butterfly), but a contamination with the word for dog attested in Old Kypchak also cannot be excluded. However, Kalm. ko"wl@g 'greyhound' is not < Kirgh., but from Old Kypchak. The same source is probable for Russ. кобель, dimin. кобеле'к (a re-analysis?) - the word is absent in other Slavic languages, the list of absolutely hopeless etymological attempts can be found in Фасмер II 267. It was attested for the first time in 1599 as a term for a hounting hound: у государевы царевы охоты у кобелей у меделянскихъ; the form кобелек (attested in 1673) see in СРЯ XI-XVIII, 7, 208. Turk. > Hung. kopo/ 'bloodhound', see Gombocz 1912 (Doerfer in TMN 3, 647 objects, but the word has no Finno-Ugric etymology). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*go"t- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to rise, raise | face="Times New Roman Star"поднимать(ся) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"tu"r- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"tu"r- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"tu"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"te|r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ter- (Abush., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"ko.tar- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ta"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ter- (ЯЖУ) | face="Times New Roman Star"go"t- | face="Times New Roman Star"go"ter- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"d@r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"du"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"du"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ketu"r-, ketir- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t-; ko"to"r 'bird' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t- 'to fly; run' | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"du"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"'tu"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"to"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ter- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ter- | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ta"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"tu"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"go"tu"r- | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ter- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"go"ter- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 294, EDT 706, ЭСТЯ 3, 86-88, Stachowski 158. Cf. also Karakh. ko"tki 'hill', ko"tu" 'the roof of a house' (MK, EDT 701). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ko":ru"- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to use bellows 2 bellows | face="Times New Roman Star"1 использовать меха 2 меха |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ru"k (MK) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ru"- 1, ko"ru"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"go"ru"k (IM), ko"ru"k (MA, Pav. C.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lik (dial.) 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ru"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko":rik 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"r@k 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ru"k 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"o"rt 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"xo"ru"k 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko":ru"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"r@k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ko"r@k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rek 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ru"k 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"r@k 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ru"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 293, ЭСТЯ 5, 118, Лексика 414-415. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*gu"bec? | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"frying pan; earthenware pot | face="Times New Roman Star"сковородка; глиняный горшок |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ku"vec? ((MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"gu"vec? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko"va"s? (dial.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"va"z?| | face="Times New Roman Star"go"wec? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ko":s? 'skull' (Верб.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"gu"vec? |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 151, 286, EDT 687-688, ЭСТЯ 3, 53-54. |
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